Reconstruction Era

The reconstructive memory season Jessica Onken American History Since 1865 Professor Tim Johnston expansive 2, 2010 reconstructive memory 2 The reconstructive memory succession The reconstruction era was a unmanageable cartridge holder for the African American slaves from 1865 to 1877 because the slaves were freed and thither were no jobs for them, had very little or no education, and had very limited prospect in the southeastward. reconstruction was atomic number 53 of the nigh critical extents in American History. The civic War changed the democracy tre mendously, and most importantly by bringing an end to thr only tolddom. reconstruction was a detail of great promise, hope, and progress for African Americans, and a period of resentment and protection for many duster southerlyers. The time period for the Reconstruction era was in 1865 to 1877, when the unify States was rebuilding and reuniting after the Civil War. In 1865, four years of brutal deconstruction i n the Civil War came to an end, 600,000 American soldiers disoriented their lives. Four million enslaved African Americans were emancipated. The south was laid to waste railroads, factories, farms, and cities were destroyed.Abraham capital of Nebraska was choose president during that time. Abraham Lincoln k stark naked one time the states confederacy were restored to the union, the Republicans would be weakened un slight they cat an end to being a sectional party. Lincoln hoped for peace and to attract large number of the former south who back up the Republicans scotch policies. During the Era of Reconstruction, it was highly unstable because enchantment many trade unionerners saw this as a chance to only end slavery and encounter the south merged stomach into the United States, many in the south saw this as an insult and most different injury of the loss of the Civil War.Lincolns plans during this time were to free more slaves and grant granting immunity. At the en d of the Reconstruction Era, freedoms were granted d avowstairs the 13th, fourteenth, and 15th Amendments, but were non completely effective. The moral views through religions before and after the war of the north and south Reconstruction 3 were different. With different opinions flowing, the Presbyterian and Methodist churches rend into Northern and southern functions. The Southern churches supported slavery and believed that it was to a fault supported by the Bible.The north believed that no man should be held in captivity or re inexorableion by another man. The north precious to end slavery but comfort most of the Northerner did not consider the stern man to be equal to them. at that place were some Northerners that did believe all(prenominal) men are created equal. Some Northerners showed strong emotions some the eradication of slavery that they became violent. Most of the Northerners did not change after the war, which caused the segregation that go along until the 1960s.In 1865, the Ku Klux Klan was started in Tennessee to stop sterns from taking returns of their freshly flops. Members from the Ku Klux Klan would beat and murder blacks to economise them from having rights. Northern soldiers were stationed in the south to go for the Reconstruction laws. The soldiers make sure blacks could vote in elections, be handle fluid like the livid mint, go to school, and they were in addition there to impede any attacks from occurrent by the southern discolours. In 1869, the Southern governments started to end control by the North in Tennessee and Virginia.Some of the power of the Southerners was re additioned to run their own state governments, which made the Northerners have less influence on the southern governments. The resolve for the southerners joining the Ku Klux Klan was because they did not want blacks to have rights much(prenominal) as voting, owning land, freedom, be treated fairly at jobs, participate in court trials, run for office, etc.. Southern white people were not for reconstructing governments. They would not choose the black men that were once slaves as free black men who like a shot had the right to Reconstruction 4 balloting and participate in state government.As the nation started to celebrate the end of the war in April 1865, president Lincoln was shot and killed by and by Lincoln was assassinated, Andrew Johnson took over the process of the reconstruction. Johnson made the reconstruction less efficient. He forgave some ex-confederates and didnt take the same steady approaches as Lincoln did. Johnson was a southerner, and like Lincoln, a self educated man who climbed up the ladder from an inferior decent. Southerners were now fashioning new laws called black codes, which meant it made blacks lives harder and to prevent them from using their new rights.Some codes forced blacks to bleed for a year, and if they didnt, they were thrown in lock in for being unemployed, and also let the m be whipped by their bosses. By enforcing labor contracts, and laws, the strict black codes kept freedmen tied to the plantation. This period was described as rage, revenge, retaliation, and philia for an eye against African Americans. The justice system of the south provided no refuge or assistance. The all white police force a great deal terrorized African Americans, and the judges and other officials seldom prosecuted crimes against blacks.When the news of the black code laws and the violence against the freedmen spread to the North, it created outrage and fury. When the Northern soldiers were not positioned in the south to enforce Reconstruction laws, blacks had to live under the unpleasant, cruel, and unfair conditions caused by the black code laws. Johnson allowed the black codes to be passed which imposed heavy restrictions on freed African American slaves. Johnson was against the passage of a alternate of a new Freemans Bureau, which served as a positive organization fo r African Americans,Reconstruction 5 which would have allowed the black war veterans the right to vote. In 1867, sexual relation passed a new Reconstruction Act, that threw out the state governments of states that refused to subscribe the 14th amendment. The 15th amendment was ratified in 1870, providing a constitutional guarantee of voting rights for African American males. By 1870, the Northerner lost fill in reconstructing the south. The north tested to reconstruct the south and change southerners attitudes almost black people.Although they failed at this because many southerners were suave racists and believed that the white race was superior to others, blacks were not as good as southern white men. To add to that, the Northerners lost interest in the reconstruction, which gave southerners a chance to gain control of their state governments again. The main complaints against the presidential Reconstruction were the Radical Republicans of Congress. newborn governmental for ces in the South gave way for new changes. During reconstruction, African Americans made huge semipolitical gains.They voted in large numbers and were also elected to political office. African Americans were elected as sheriffs, mayors, legislators, Congressmen, and Senators. Even thought their association was significant, it was exaggerated by white southerners tempestuous at the Black Republicans governments. Reconstruction governments build public schools for both black and white children. They also rebuilt and added more railroads, telegraph lines, bridges, and railroads. These costly efforts led to tax increases that made the southern whites more angry, which was why the Ku Klux Klan was created.By the mid 1870s, the Republicans were losing power, and the Northerners were devolve of trying to reform the south. In 1872, Congress passed the Amnesty Act, which reinstated voting rights to almost all white southerners. By 1876, almost all southern s Reconstruction 6 states wer e back under the control of the Democrats. When Rutherford B. hay was elected president in 1877, the reconstruction came to an end. He removed the remaining federal official troops from the south. With no one remaining to enforce the reconstruction reforms, the Reconstruction was over. fair Democrats remained in control of southern governments.Southern states denied African Americans from voting through voting restrictions such as the poll tax, grandfather clause, and the literacy test. Jim triumph Laws key outd blacks and whites in restaurants, schools, theaters, railroads, hospitals, and all other public places. The Jim Crow Laws were clearly passed to delay that black people could not detail eh same things as white people. such laws encouraged and promoted racial segregation and alter from district to district. Some needful black people to drink at separate fountains and use separate bathrooms than white people.Others required black people to give up seats on public buse s if a white person wanted their sear, and cool off others prohibited black people from tending the same schools as white people African Americans continued to be looked at as bador not equal as the white Americans. They were still victims of violence and intimidation. In the 1960s, with the Civil Rights movement, the African Americans were granted full protection of the 14th and 15th amendments. The period of the Reconstruction was one of great promise for the United States and for African Americans.During this period, African Americans continued to struggle for freedom and worked to improve their communities. Institutions of the African American connection like the churches and schools were strengthened over time. though there were long term consequences of Reconstruction failures, the Reconstruction era provided a fundamental basis for later attempts to end discrimination. Reconstruction 7 Although the Reconstruction era was a difficult time for the African Americans, with s ome(prenominal) failed attempts, in the end, the African Americans did finally induct freedom and were allowed the same rights as the white Americans.References Carter, Hodding. (1959). The Angry Scar The Story of Reconstruction. New York Doubleday. Davidson, J. , Delay, B. , Heyrman, C. , Lytle, M. , Stoff, M. (2008). Nation of Nations. (vol. 2, 6th ed. ) New York McGraw-Hill. Dubowski, C. (1991). Andrew Johnson rebuild the Union. New Jersey Silver Burdett. Foner, Eric. (1988). Reconstruction Americas Unfinished Revolution 1863-1877. New York harper & Row. Litwack, L. , (1979). Been in the Storm so Long. New York Random House.